2 浏览万圣节的英文资料
next to christmas, halloween is the most commercialized celebration in the united states and canada. this ancient festival originated far from north america however, and centuries before the first european set foot on the continent.
the ancientruids 督伊德教（古代高卢人与不列颠人的一种宗教）的教徒 who inhabited what we now call great britain placed great importance on the passing of one season to the next, holding “fire festivals” which were celebrated for threeays （twoays on either side of theay itself）。
one of these festivals was called samhain （pronounced sha-von） and it took place on october 31 through to november 1.uring this period, it was believed that the boundaries between our world and the world of theead were weakened, allowing spirits of the recentlyead to cross over and possess the living.
in order to make themselves and their homes less inviting to these wayward spirits, the ancient celts（凯尔特人）wouldouse （插入水中， 把弄熄， 弄湿）all their fires. there was also a secondary purpose to this, after extinguishing all their fires, they would re-light them from a common source, theruidic fire that was kept burning at usinach, in the middle of ireland.
samhain was considered to be a gateway not only from the land of theead to the land of the living, but also between summer and fall/winter. for theruids, this was the last gasp （喘息， 气喘）of summer （it was also the celtic new year）， so therefore they made sure it went out with a bang before they had to buttonown （把…弄清楚）for the winter ahead.
they wouldress up in bizarre costumes and parade through their villages causingestruction in order to scare off any recentlyeparted souls who might be prowling （巡游）for bodies to inhabit, in addition to burning animals and other offerings to theruidiceities（神， 神性）。 it is also a popular belief that they would burn people who they believed to be possessed, but this has largely beenebunked （揭穿， 拆穿假面具， 暴露）as myth.
this yearly festival was adopted by the roman invaders, who helped to propagate （传播， 宣传）it throughout the rest of the world （and at that time, the roman empire was the world）。 the word “halloween” itself actually comes from a contraction of all hallows eve, or all saint'say （november 1）， which is a catholicay of observance in honor of saints.
this tradition was later brought to the north american continent by irish immigrants who were escaping the potato famine in their homeland. in addition to the festival itself, the immigrants brought several customs with them, including one of the symbols most commonly associated with halloween -- the jack 'o lantern.
according to irish folklore, there once lived a man named jack who was known for being arunk and a prankster（顽皮的人， 爱开玩笑的人）。 one night jack tricked theevil into climbing a tree, and quickly carved an image of a cross on the trunk, trapping theevil. jack then made him promise that, in exchange for letting him out of the tree, theevil would never tempt him to sin again. he reluctantly agreed, but was able to exact his revenge upon jack'seath. because of his mischievous ways in life, jack was barred from entering he***en and because of his earlier trick, he was also barred from hell. so he wasoomed to wander the earth until the end of time, with only a single ember（灰烬， 余烬） （carried in a hollowed out turnip.[植]芜箐， 芜箐甘蓝） to warm him and light his way.
in ireland, they originally also used turnips for their “jack lanterns”, but upon arriving in the new world, theyiscovered that pumpkins were abundant and easier to carve out.
万圣节前夕
万圣节前夕是美国人年年都会庆祝的秋季节日。它的意思是“神圣的夜晚”,在每年的10月31日，也就是万圣节前夜。但实际上这不是一个真正的宗教节日，而主要是孩子们的节日。
每年秋天蔬菜成熟可以食用的时候，孩子们就会挑出大个儿的橙色南瓜。然后在南瓜上刻上一张脸，把一根点燃的蜡烛放在里面。看起来就好像有人在向南瓜外面张望。这些灯就叫做“iack-o'-lantems”,意思也就是“杰克的灯”.
每年万圣节前夕孩子们还戴上奇怪的面具，穿上吓人的服装。有些孩子把脸刷成怪物。然后他们拿着盒子或袋子挨家挨户串门。每来到一个新房子他们就说：“不款待就捣乱！给钱还是吃的！”大人们就会把用来招待的钱或糖放在他们的袋子里了。
不仅孩子，许多成年人也喜欢万圣节前夕和万圣节前夕晚会。因为这一天他们可以根据自己的想象把自己装扮成名流或幽灵。这会带给他们年轻的快感。
万圣节的英文介绍：
halloween
halloween is an autumn holiday that americans celebrate every year. it means “holy evening,” and it comes every october 31, the evening before all saints'ay. however, it is not really a church holiday, it is a holiday for children mainly.
every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put a burning candle inside. it looks as if there were a person looking out of the pumpkin! these lights are called jack-o'-lanterns, which means “jack of the lantern”.
the children also put on strange masks and frightening costumes every halloween. some children paint their faces to look like monsters. then they carry boxes or bags from house to house. every time they come to a new house, they say,“trick or treat! money or eat!” the grown-ups put treat-money or candy in their bags.
not only children, but most grown-ups also love halloween and halloween parties because on thisay,they canisguise themselves as personages or ghost as their imaginations will lead them. this bring them the satisfaction of being young.